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The Muscles of Mastication

Medical Illustration

Project description

There are a lack of resources that visualize all four muscles of mastication in one image due to their overlapping attachments; thus, the goal of this project was to show all four muscles of mastication, their attachments, their muscle characteristics, and relevant proximal anatomical structures in one static illustration. 
Role: Research, illustration, labelling and layout

Tools: Procreate, Adobe Illustrator, Nomad Sculpt

Client: n/a


Process

Picture
Sketch of masseter and temporalis to understand attachment anatomy
Picture
Sketch of pterygoids to understand attachment anatomy
Picture
Turn around of 3D maquette made for the face
Rough sketch
Comprehensive sketch
Flat greyscale shapes
Greyscale render 1
Greyscale render 2
Colourized render
Final details
Picture
Final textbook layout

​References

Academic Sources
Agur, Anne M. R., and Arthur F. Dalley. “Face.”, Moore’s Essential Clinical Anatomy. 6th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp. 525-529.  
Agur, Anne M. R., and Arthur F. Dalley. “Head and Neck.”, Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy. 14th ed., Wolters Kluwer, pp. 761.
Basit, H, et al. “Anatomy, Head and Neck, Mastication Muscles.” Europe PMC, 15 May 2019, europepmc.org/article/nbk/nbk541027.
Cheung, Brittany. “Muscles of Mastication.” Kenhub, www.kenhub.com/en/study/muscles-of-mastication. Accessed 14 Nov. 2023.
Clemente, Carmine D. Anatomy: A Regional Atlas of the Human Body. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2012, pp. 597, 601, 606-608.
Detton, Alan J. “Head and Neck.”, Grant’s Dissector. 16th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp. 245-262.  
MD, Gordana Sendi. “Digastric Muscle.” Kenhub, 30 Oct. 2023, www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/digastric-muscle.
MD, Roberto Gruji. “Temporomandibular Joint.” Kenhub, 30 Oct. 2023, www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-temporomandibular-joint.
Moses, Kenneth P., et al. Atlas of Clinical Gross Anatomy. Elsevier Mosby, 2005.
Rathee, Manu, and Prachi Jain. “Anatomy, Head and Neck, Lateral Pterygoid Muscle M.” National Library of Medicine, 24 Oct. 2022, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549799/.
Reynolds, MaryAnn. “Treating TMJ Issues: Choose a Practitioner Who Works on Your Lateral Pterygoids.” MaryAnn Reynolds, MS, LMT, BCTMB, 29 Nov. 2023, maryannreynolds.com/2019/01/14/choose-a-practitioner-for-intra-oral-tmj-therapy-that-works-on-the-lateral-pterygoids/.
Schünke, Michael, et al. Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: Head and Neuroanatomy. Thieme, 2011, pp. 96-97.

Visual References
Joy, Nancy. “H57A: Great muscles on the side of the skull.” Grant’s Museum. University of Toronto. Accessed November 14, 2023. 

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